A bottom dweller within rocky areas including reefs, leopard toadfish reach up to 32 cm (13 inches) in length. They are voracious predators consuming small fish, crustaceans, annelids and mollusks. Males have a specialized swim bladder that produces sounds known as boatwhistles used for courtship, spawning and parental behavior.
They are light brown to yellowish in color with head and body with sparse rosettes of medium sized brown spots; bars on dorsal, anal and pectoral fins arranged in oblique rows. The gill openings are restricted to the side and located before the base of the pectoral fins. The mouth is equipped with molar-like pointed teeth but no canines. Their gills have 2 solid spines on the upper opercle and one below, and their dorsal and anal fins have 26 rays with three solid rays, spiny part joined with the soft part; and 2 lateral lines.
This species has been largely unstudied, with little information available on population status, habitat use, movement patterns, diet or reproduction. However, they are a common bycatch in the grouper and longline fisheries within the Gulf of Mexico. They are also harvested in some coastal states as bait. They are listed as Least Concern and their populations appear stable. They may be susceptible to overfishing. Their range includes all Mexican waters of the Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico. The straits of Florida do seem to create a barrier that limits their dispersal to the east and north of the Gulf.